CULTURAL RESOURCES
ERO provides comprehensive cultural resource management services to achieve compliance under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. Our clients trust ERO to navigate the increasingly complex Section 106 process, from initial project development to facilitating coordination and consultation with agencies and Native American tribes. ERO’s cultural resource specialists have developed programmatic approaches for multiple undertakings including completing large-scale inventories and treatment for complex multiyear projects. Our project expertise includes water development, electrical transmission, land development, conventional and alternative energy, transportation, and Section 404 permitting.
Areas of Expertise
Section 106 Compliance
ERO conducts all phases of Section 106 compliance, including:
- Identification (Class I data syntheses, reconnaissance survey, and Class III intensive surveys)
- Evaluative testing of archaeological sites (Phase II) for significance
- Historic property treatment for adverse effects (Phase III), including excavation and Historic American Building Surveys (HABS) and Historic American Engineering Records (HAER) documentation
Native American Consultation
Federal undertakings require that agencies consult with Native American tribes to further identify and consider the effects on culturally sensitive resources. ERO has assisted federal and state agencies with this requirement by identifying tribes with historical affiliation to an undertaking's APE, conducting or facilitating consultation on their behalf, and facilitating meetings for the purpose of consultation.
Historic American Building Surveys (HABS) and Historic American Engineering Records (HAER) documentation
ERO provides Historic American Building Surveys/Historic American Engineering Records Documentation (HABS/HAER) and Historic Resource Documentation under both National Park Service and state standards. HABS/HAER documentation is typically performed as part of a treatment plan to mitigate an adverse effect on a historic property, and includes high-quality photo documentation, a narrative history compiled through primary and secondary archival research, and measured drawings. ERO has completed HABS/HAER documentation for historic bridges, engineered elements of canals and ditches, buildings, and features of designed landscapes.
Predictive GIS Modeling GIS
Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), ERO conducts predictive modeling using environmental data layers and archaeological site data to estimate the location of both surface and buried sites. Predictive modeling is especially useful during NEPA analysis when identification surveys are premature, but a reasonable estimation of resources is an expected outcome of the analysis. In dynamic landscapes such as alluvial settings, predictive modeling has the capability to estimate the number of buried archaeological sites that might be expected during construction of buried pipelines, for example.
Geophysical/remote sensing surveys
ERO uses remote sensing techniques to identify buried cultural resources, including unmarked graves and archaeological sites. Geophysical applications (ground penetrating radar, resistivity, and magnetometer) can locate buried cultural resources that are previously unknown, or quantify the extent, number, and depth of known resources. Remote sensing serves to focus mitigation efforts over large archaeological sites by maximizing time and limiting expense.
Architectural condition assessments and stabilization
ERO specializes in architectural documentation, condition assessments, and stabilization of prehistoric standing structures. Ruins preservation is generally a four-step process that requires documenting existing conditions, completing a condition assessment that identifies threats and recommends treatments, stabilizing architecture, and developing a monitoring plan to assess conditions over time. Architectural stabilization is intended to stop or slow down the deterioration of the structural remains and retain the original architectural fabric and integrity as closely as possible. For example, ERO performed ruins preservation at the Moon House complex and in Grand Gulch in southeast Utah.
ERO permit areas and clientele
- Permitted with all federal and state agencies in our core service area of Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming
- Tribal permits include the Southern Ute Indian Tribe and the Navajo Nation
- Forest Service Permits with Rocky Mountain, Intermountain, Northern, and Southwest Regions
- Prequalified contractor for the Bureau of Reclamation, National Park Service, and Bureau of Indian Affairs
- ERO routinely works with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Bureau of Land Management, and engineering companies. We hold indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity contracts with the Federal Highway Administration-Central Federal Lands, Denver Water, Colorado Springs Utilities, La Plata County, and the National Park Service.
Cultural Resources Leads
Sean Larmore – Principal
Senior Principal Investigator
Senior Principal Investigator
Kathy Croll – Principal
Principal Investigator
Principal Investigator
Jonathan Hedlund – Associate
Principal Investigator
Principal Investigator